Meng-Ju Kuo, Boning Zhang, and Haozhe Wang, “Tokenized Flow-Statistics Encrypted Traffic Analysis: Comparative Evaluation of 1D-CNN, BiLSTM, and Transformer on ISCX VPN-nonVPN 2016 (A1+A2, 60 s)”, JACS, vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 39–53, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.69987/JACS.2023.30804.